Russian counter-sanctions: Review of 2018 and outlook for 2019

In 2018, the Russian Federation for the first time took comprehensive counter-measures to respond to the US/EU sanctions. This response was triggered mainly by the adoption of CAATSA on 2 August 2017 and the extension of the US sanctions on 6 April 2018. The counter-measures are a combination of economic sanctions and measures to prevent the implementation of the US/EU sanctions in Russia. Further counter-measures – in particular the introduction of liability for sanctions compliance in Russia – are expected in 2019.

More detailed information you can find in the attached report.